I sistemi operativi sono l'ancora di salvezza di qualsiasi PC poiché, senza di essi, sarebbe impossibile inviare e-mail, guardare video di gatti o chattare con i nostri amici. Ma di tanto in tanto, ogni sistema operativo incontra problemi come avvii lenti, arresti anomali delle app, display difettoso, suono traballante e quant'altro.
Se ritieni che anche la tua copia di Windows 11 si sia comportata in modo strano ultimamente, pensiamo che sia ora di prendere in mano la situazione e riparare Windows 11.
Ora, prima di correre al più vicino tecnico di riparazione del PC, diamo un'occhiata ai molti metodi disponibili a tua disposizione che possono aiutarti a riparare un'installazione danneggiata di Windows 11.
Contenuti
Metodo n. 1: utilizzare uno strumento di risoluzione dei problemi di Windows
Gli strumenti di risoluzione dei problemi di Windows hanno fatto molta strada e ora possono risolvere la maggior parte dei tuoi problemi con un semplice clic. La maggior parte dei comandi e dei controlli per la risoluzione dei problemi che venivano normalmente eseguiti tramite CMD e PowerShell sono ora raggruppati in Troubleshooter, il che li rende molto più utilizzabili in caso di problemi. Se non riesci ancora a riparare e riparare l'installazione di Windows 11, potrebbe valere la pena provare lo strumento di risoluzione dei problemi. Usa la guida qui sotto per iniziare.
Premi Windows + i
sulla tastiera per aprire l'app Impostazioni. Assicurati che "Sistema" sia selezionato alla tua sinistra, quindi fai clic su "Risoluzione dei problemi" alla tua destra.
Fare clic su "Altri strumenti per la risoluzione dei problemi".
Ora trova lo strumento di risoluzione dei problemi interessato per il tuo problema attuale a seconda del problema che stai riscontrando con la tua installazione. Fare clic su "Esegui" accanto allo strumento di risoluzione dei problemi.
Lo strumento di risoluzione dei problemi ora farà il suo dovere e risolverà eventuali problemi riscontrati con il componente o la funzionalità interessati.
Metodo n. 2: disinstallare e reinstallare tutti gli aggiornamenti recenti di Windows
Se stai riscontrando arresti anomali casuali, prestazioni lente, jitter o bug inaspettati dopo un recente aggiornamento di Windows, puoi provare a disinstallare gli aggiornamenti recenti per risolvere il problema. Questi aggiornamenti dovrebbero essere ripristinati con un ripristino del sistema utilizzando la guida in alto, ma nel caso in cui non si disponga di un punto di ripristino, è possibile utilizzare la guida di seguito per disinstallare manualmente gli aggiornamenti di Windows dal sistema Windows 11.
Premi Windows + i
sulla tastiera per aprire l'app Impostazioni. Ora fai clic su Windows Update alla tua sinistra.
Fare clic su "Cronologia aggiornamenti".
Scorri fino in fondo e fai clic su "Disinstalla aggiornamenti".
Verrai ora indirizzato al pannello di controllo dove otterrai un elenco di tutti i recenti aggiornamenti principali installati sul tuo sistema. Non otterrai aggiornamenti di sicurezza elencati in questo elenco poiché non possono essere disinstallati per motivi di sicurezza. Fare clic e selezionare l'aggiornamento che si desidera disinstallare.
Ora fai clic su "Disinstalla" in alto.
Nota: se non si ottiene l'opzione di disinstallazione, è probabile che si stia tentando di disinstallare un componente Windows fondamentale che interromperebbe la funzionalità dell'installazione corrente.
Fare clic su "Sì" per confermare la scelta.
L'aggiornamento selezionato verrà ora disinstallato dal sistema. Ti consigliamo di riavviare il sistema e verificare se il problema che stavi affrontando è stato risolto. In caso contrario, continua a disinstallare gli aggiornamenti di Windows finché non trovi il colpevole.
Metodo n. 3: ripristino su un punto di ripristino del sistema precedente
Nota: questo metodo presuppone che tu disponga di una copia funzionante di Windows 11 in cui puoi avviare.
Puoi pensare ai punti di ripristino del sistema come percorsi per ripristinare il tuo sistema a uno stato precedente di Windows (quando è stato creato il punto di ripristino) insieme alle app e alle impostazioni che il tuo PC aveva allora.
Windows 11 crea automaticamente punti di ripristino del sistema a intervalli regolari. Se lo desideri, puoi anche creare punti di ripristino.
Vengono anche creati quando viene installata una nuova applicazione o un aggiornamento di Windows.
Ecco come puoi provare a riparare Windows 11 utilizzando i punti di ripristino.
Apri il menu "Start" e digita "Crea un punto di ripristino". Quindi fare clic sull'opzione mostrata di seguito.
Ora dovrebbe essere aperto un menu a comparsa con il titolo "Proprietà di sistema" e dovresti essere in grado di vedere le opzioni relative a Ripristino configurazione di sistema come mostrato di seguito.
Se il tuo menu popup è identico al nostro con la "Protezione" disattivata per tutte le tue unità, abbiamo una brutta notizia per te. A causa della mancanza di precedenti punti di ripristino del sistema, non ha senso procedere ulteriormente con questo metodo in quanto non esiste alcun punto di ripristino a cui eseguire il rollback.
A questo punto, ti consigliamo di provare il metodo successivo.
Suggerimento: se stai leggendo questo solo per vedere come funzionano le cose, ti suggeriamo di attivare la protezione per l'unità di sistema (evidenziata di seguito), quella che contiene Windows 11 e creare subito un punto di ripristino.
Ecco come puoi farlo.
Selezionare l'unità denominata "Sistema" e fare clic su "Configura".
Quindi fare clic sul pulsante "Attiva protezione del sistema" e allocare spazio per i punti di ripristino del sistema spostando il dispositivo di scorrimento in basso. Abbiamo allocato solo il 4% del nostro disco di sistema, che è vicino a 4,5 GB.
Se i punti di ripristino dovessero aumentare di numero o dimensione, quelli più vecchi verrebbero automaticamente eliminati per fare spazio a quelli nuovi.
Fare clic su "Applica" e quindi su "OK".
L'unità selezionata in precedenza dovrebbe ora avere la "Protezione" attivata e ora dovresti essere in grado di creare punti di ripristino del sistema.
Mentre sei nello stesso menu a comparsa, fai clic sul pulsante "Crea" per creare il primo punto di ripristino del sistema del tuo PC.
Ora dovrebbe esserci un popup che chiede il nome del tuo punto di ripristino, sentiti libero di digitare tutto ciò che desideri. Per tua comodità, i dati e l'ora di sistema correnti del tuo PC vengono aggiunti automaticamente per rendere distinguibile questo punto di ripristino dagli altri. Per ora, stiamo digitando "Installazione fresca" poiché di recente abbiamo reinstallato Windows 11.
Al termine, fai clic su "Crea".
Dopo un po', il punto di ripristino dovrebbe essere pronto. Ora dovresti essere in grado di controllarlo facendo clic sul pulsante "Ripristino configurazione di sistema".
Fare clic su Avanti.
E il punto di ripristino del sistema appena creato dovrebbe essere qui.
Selezionando il punto di ripristino e facendo clic sul pulsante (quindi abilitato) "Avanti" dovrebbe essere possibile eseguire il ripristino del PC fino al momento in cui è stato creato il punto di ripristino.
Metodo n. 4: utilizzo dello strumento del prompt dei comandi SFC
System File Checker (SFC) e Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM) sono due strumenti da riga di comando più comunemente utilizzati dai tecnici IT delle aziende per la manutenzione delle macchine Windows.
Se questa è la prima volta che senti parlare di questi strumenti, non c'è nulla di cui preoccuparsi, poiché questi sono generalmente considerati strumenti elettrici e non molte persone li conoscono.
Iniziamo prima con SFC e vediamo come riparare Windows 11.
SFC può essere utilizzato per scansionare e verificare i file protetti (File Windows). Se rileva che un file è stato danneggiato e non può essere verificato, tenta di ripristinare una nuova copia dalla cartella sottostante nel tuo PC.
C:\Windows
Ecco come puoi provare questa opzione.
Fare clic sul pulsante "Start", digitare "prompt dei comandi" e assicurarsi di eseguire l'app come amministratore, come evidenziato di seguito.
Una volta nel prompt dei comandi, digita il seguente comando o semplicemente copialo e incollalo. Quindi premi "Invio".
sfc /scannow
Il comando precedente avvia istantaneamente una scansione, che richiede all'incirca alcuni minuti per un controllo completo.
Se la scansione rileva che tutti i tuoi file sono in buone condizioni, verrà mostrato come di seguito.
Ma se ci sono alcuni file Windows danneggiati sul tuo PC, SFC dovrebbe essere in grado di ripararli con una nuova copia.
Metodo n. 5: utilizzo dello strumento del prompt dei comandi DISM
DISM è un altro strumento da riga di comando molto più potente di SFC. Può funzionare con più tipi di immagini di Windows 11 in entrambi i formati .wim e .esd, gestire i driver prima di distribuire le immagini sui PC e molto altro ancora.
Diamo un'occhiata a come puoi usare DISM per riparare Windows 11.
Apri il prompt dei comandi come amministratore utilizzando i passaggi che abbiamo appena menzionato per SFC.
Quindi incolla il comando seguente per scansionare l'installazione di Windows 11 alla ricerca di errori e premi Invio.
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
Dovresti vedere qualcosa del genere.
Una volta terminato, lo strumento dovrebbe riportare i risultati. Ecco come appare il nostro schermo.
Quindi esegui questo comando per vedere se sono stati rilevati problemi e quanto è riparabile il tuo problema.
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
Poiché il nostro PC funzionava bene, il comando sopra riportato non ha riscontrato problemi. Il tuo potrebbe essere diverso.
If DISM reported issues with your PC, the next command you should run is mentioned below. Paste it and hit ‘Enter’.
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
The above command will request valid copies of corrupted files from Windows Update. Here’s how the command looks in action.
And here’s how it looks once it’s done processing.
All you need to do is reboot your PC.
If you consider yourself someone who understands command-line tools and their parameters, and would like to know more about SFC and DISM along with the range of parameters that can be used with them, here’s the complete documentation about SFC, and here’s the complete reference for DISM. Feast on the information!
Tip: If your Windows 11 processes crash often, restart a few seconds later and show an alert with a bunch of numbers and alphabets (aka error codes), we highly recommend putting them in a search engine like Google and understanding what they mean. This method of troubleshooting is extremely effective against specific errors and problems, and can often prove to be a lifesaver.
Method #6: Using Windows 11 Startup Repair
Windows 11 comes equipped with a built-in startup repair tool that is designed to detect and repair common startup problems you may be facing. Let’s take a look at how you can use Startup Repair to fix Windows 11.
Open the ‘Start’ menu and click on the ‘Power’ button.
Hold the ‘Shift’ Key and click on ‘Restart’.
Your PC should boot into a blue screen with a bunch of options. Click on ‘Troubleshoot’.
Click on ‘Advanced Options’.
Click on ‘Startup Repair’.
Soon after, Windows should now be scanning and diagnosing your PC for any issues that may be preventing it from functioning properly. Let it work its magic and after some time, your copy of Windows 11 should be free of all the problems.
Tip: If ‘Startup Repair’ fails and you see the screen shown below, there could be two possible reasons for this. Either Windows 11 failed to identify the issues or there is simply no issue with your PC.
At this point, you could try to follow method #3’s option 2 to initiate a repair of Windows 11. You could also try to reinstall Windows 11 by using the “Upgrade” option in Windows 11 setup, instead of going for a clean install and wiping your drive.
This install method should reinstall Windows 11 while keeping all your files, apps, and settings.
Method #7: Using Windows 11 installer ISO file
Did you know that the files you used to install Windows 11, could also be used to repair a damaged copy of Windows 11?
Not a lot of people know this but it can easily be done and doesn’t take too long at all.
To make this method work, you need access to Windows 11 installation files (ISO) or the installer USB drive you may have used earlier to install Windows 11.
Option 1: Using the setup file from the Windows 11 ISO
See if you have the Windows 11 ISO stored somewhere on your PC. If you do, perfect! No need to download anything.
In case you don’t have the Windows 11 ISO around, we suggest you follow this guide to download the latest available ISO.
Before proceeding, make sure you can boot into Windows 11 and access the ISO. If you can, let’s move to the next step.
Locate the Windows 11 ISO and double-click it.
The ISO should now be mounted on a virtual disk drive on your Windows 11 PC and should look similar to this
Double-click the virtual drive. Once inside, there should be a file named ‘setup’, double-click it.
Tip: Alternatively, you can also extract the ISO somewhere on your pc, which of course would take a bit of time but should give you the same result.
Wait for the Windows 11 setup to start. Once done, you should see a screen similar to below. Click on ‘Next’.
Accept the Terms & Conditions.
Choose the option that best suits you here and click ‘Next’. We would like to keep our files, hence we’ve chosen ‘Keep personal files and apps’.
Click on ‘Install’ to start the installation.
After a few seconds, setup should start preparing your PC for an in-place upgrade, which will repair and refresh all the files needed to run Windows 11 on your PC.
Your PC may reboot a few times to complete the repair.
Once setup has finished, your copy of Windows 11 should be completely repaired and ready to use.
Option 2: Using a bootable USB drive
If for some reason, your PC fails to boot into Windows 11 or simply reboots repeatedly due to a corrupt Windows file, then this option will be perfect for you.
Before we start, see if you still have the Windows 11 USB install stick you may have used to install Windows 11 on your PC. If you do, then there’s nothing to worry about.
In case you don’t, here’s how you can create a Windows 11 USB installer within a couple of minutes. Do keep in mind that it requires another functional PC with internet to download Rufus and Windows 11 ISO. Simply connect the USB drive to your PC and restart your system. Press any key on your keyboard when prompted to boot from the recovery media and subsequently proceed to repair Windows with the on-screen instructions. You will have the option to reinstall Windows, fix missing files, fix boot order or even use CMD to perform your own checks. If you need any help, then you can this guide to reset Windows from within your recovery media setup and more.
Check this guide: How To Install Windows 11 From USB
Method #8: Repair or Fix Drivers
Many times you can face issues with your Windows installation due to incompatible, outdated, or conflicting drivers installed on your system. Drivers are essential programs that allow your components to communicate with your CPU and GPU for the proper functioning of your system. Having incompatible or conflicting drivers can cause issues with Windows and even take a significant impact on your performance. If some of your components seem to be misbehaving or you feel that your system is drastically slower than expected then it would be a good idea to check your drivers and perform any repairs if needed.
1. Check for conflicting or outdated drivers
Let’s check for conflicting or outdated drivers on your system. Windows automatically shows you a warning sign for misbehaving components or outdated drivers in Device Manager. Use the guide below to look for driver issues on your installation of Windows 11.
Press Windows + X
on your keyboard and click on Device Manager.
Look for components in the list with a warning side beside them. If any are found, use the methods below to troubleshoot driver issues on your system. However, if none are found then let’s check for new components on your system to identify misbehaving components.
Click on the ‘Scan for hardware changes’ button at the top of your screen.
Windows will now scan for hardware changes and install any new components or drivers found on your PC.
2. Fix driver issues
If you wish to fix driver issues on your system then you will need to reinstall drivers for the concerned component on your system. This can be done through Windows and manually as well. We recommend manually force removing drivers only if you are unable to remove the driver through Device Manager in Windows. Force removing the wrong drivers can cause serious issues on your system and even force you to reinstall Windows altogether. Hence, ensure that you identify and properly force remove drivers from your system only for the malfunctioning component. Use one of the guides below depending on your current needs and requirements.
Note: If you are using a laptop or a pre-built system then we recommend you download specific drivers for the concerned component from your OEM support side beforehand. This will allow you to install the necessary drivers easily once you have removed the malfunctioning driver.
Read: 6 Ways to Update Drivers on Windows 11
Option 1: Remove and reinstall a component through Device Manager
Press Windows + X
on your keyboard and click on ‘Device Manager’.
Right-click on the component for which you wish to remove the driver and select Properties.
Now click and switch to the Driver tab at the top.
Click on ‘Uninstall device’.
Check the box for ‘Attempt to remove the driver for this device’.
Finally, click on ‘Uninstall’.
The device driver will now be removed and the device will be uninstalled from your system. You will now be prompted to restart your device. Restart your device as soon as possible and then reinstall the concerned drivers from your OEM’s support site. If you do not have the concerned drivers on your OEM site, then simply scan for hardware changes using the guide above and the necessary drivers will be automatically installed on your system.
Option 2: Manually force remove a driver and reinstall it
You can also manually force remove a driver using a third-party utility. This is not recommended as if Windows is not allowing you to remove a driver then it is probably an essential component that could cause issues on your system. We recommend you properly identify the concerned drivers before removing them from your system. Additionally, you should keep the latest replacement drivers handy so that you can reinstall them as soon as possible. Use the guide below to manually force delete concerned drivers from your system.
We will be using Driver Store Explorer to manually force remove the concerned drivers from your system. Driver Store Explorer is an open-source utility used to identify and remove all the drivers installed on your system. It is hosted on GitHub and can be compiled natively too in case privacy is a concern.
Download Driver Store Explorer to your local storage using the link above. Extract the archive to a convenient location and then launch the app using Rapr.exe.
The app will now launch and scan all the drivers installed on your system. Once the list shows up, you can sort it based on the various columns available to you. We recommend you sort your drivers by ‘Provider’ as this will make it easier for you to search the concerned driver based on the manufacturer. Click on Provider at the top to arrange all the drivers ascendingly based on their provider’s name.
Scroll the list and identify the concerned driver. Once found check the box beside it.
You can now also click on ‘Select oid drivers’ on your right to automatically identify and select other old drivers installed on your system. However, we wouldn’t recommend this on pre-built systems and laptops that can sometimes get faulty driver updates in the future as the device gets older which degrade overall performance in return.
Check the box for ‘Force Deletion’ on your right.
Finally, click on ‘Delete Driver(s)’. This will force delete all the selected drivers from your system. We highly recommend you restart your system after this and install the new updated drivers you downloaded as soon as possible.
If faulty drivers were the cause of your issues with Windows 11, then a manual reinstall should help fix this in most cases.
Method #9: Resetting your PC
Like Windows 10, Windows 11 also comes with a nifty feature called ‘Reset this PC’. This can be a lifesaver if you need to clean your PC and start over with Windows 11. Once initiated, the process will roll back Windows 11 to its factory settings.
Here’s how you can proceed with it.
Open the ‘Start’ menu and type in “reset this pc”. You should get a result similar to what’s shown below. Click on ‘Reset this PC’.
You should now be in your PC’s Recovery section within the Settings app. To proceed with the reset, simply click on the ‘Reset PC’ button.
The next screen should ask you if you’d like to keep your files or remove them entirely. Pick the appropriate option to start resetting your Windows 11.
Your selection should be followed by a reboot or two and in a few minutes, your PC should boot into a refreshed Windows 11.
Method #10: Fix boot issues with Windows 11
If you are having boot issues with Windows 11 then we can use bootrec.exe tool to fix most boot issues. Use the guide below to run bootrec.exe on your system. You will need to boot into Windows Recovery and then use CMD to execute these commands though. Use one of the methods above to boot into recovery mode in Windows via Settings or a recovery media and then use the guide below to execute bootrec commands and fix boot issues with Windows 11.
When at the recovery screen press Shift + F10 to bring up the CMD at any point during the recovery process.
Type in the following command to run bootrec.exe and press Enter on your keyboard to execute it.
bootrec.exe
Enter the following command first and press Enter on your keyboard to execute it.
Bootrec /fixmbr
Now enter the one below and execute it.
Bootrec /fixboot
Finally, enter the command below to rebuild your boot device order.
Bootrec /rebuildbcd
And that’s it! We recommend you restart your system for good measure or exit the recovery screen and try booting into Windows again. If you were facing boot issues, then this will have most likely fixed the issue for you.
If you have been facing start menu issues within Windows 11 then there are many fixes that you can try. The new start menu seems to be a hit or miss with users and many have tried to customize it in their own way. This has been known to break start menu functionality with recent updates and if you are facing issues after a recent update then this is likely the cause for you as well.
You can use this comprehensive guide by us to fix all kinds of Start menu issues on your Windows 11 system. You will even find ways to restore the older start menu and new ways to get the start menu back up and running on your system in no time.
Related: How to Fix ‘Windows 11 Start Menu Not Working’ Issue? [17 Ways]
Method #12: Fix random app crashes
Random app crashes have been a known issue since Windows 11 was first announced and the first insider build hit the shelves. This is mainly due to some core changes to Windows that now break functionality for previously compatible programs with Windows 10. This might be heartbreaking for many users that are unable to get their favorite programs and apps back up and running within Windows 11. There are a couple of things you can do to fix this issue and the most prominent ones have been covered by us in this comprehensive guide. If you are facing random app crashes then this will most likely help you solve the majority of crashes on your system.
Read: How To Fix Software Crashing on Windows 11 Dev Build
Method #13: Fix corrupt registry
Registry changes, incorrect values, and deleted or missing registry entries can also cause a lot of issues with your system. Chances are that if you modified your registry with a registry hack or used a third-party tool to clean your registry then the values were messed up during this process.
Due to the core changes in Windows 11, the registry values, locations, and entries are different from the ones on Windows 10. Additionally, the ones that were okay to be deleted earlier might be vital to the functioning of Windows in the latest version.
Hence using a compatible cleaner or repair tool for the registry can remove vital values that could cause issues with your system. You can use the guide below to try and fix the registry on your Windows 11 installation. But as the OS is fairly new, this might not work for you and in case it doesn’t you will have to reset your Windows to restore your registry values to their default entries.
By this point, the registry should have been fixed on your system as you will have already run SFC and DISM scans on your system (as given above). However if your registry still seems to be corrupted, then you can use a third-party app to fix it.
We recommend you use CCleaner’s free utility which can be downloaded using the link above. Once downloaded, run the .exe file and install CCleaner on your system. Then launch the app and follow the on-screen instructions to fix your registry.
We recommend you do not clean your registry or temporary files using CCleaner until it has been officially updated to support Windows 11. As for fixing the registry, the app did not produce any issues on our end despite multiple tries so you should be safe to fix your registry using CCleaner.
Method #14: Fix lack of storage space
If you seem to be missing storage space to random files on your system and are unable to identify large files on your system then it is likely that temporary files have started to take a toll on your local storage. Windows 11 is designed to clear most temporary files by default but this can option can sometimes bug out which can cause a large number of temporary files to accumulate on your system.
You can use our guide to delete the temporary files from your system. Once deleted, you should be able to gain back some significant storage space especially after clearing previous Windows installation files and downloaded Windows Updates.
Method #15: Boot into safe mode to identify third party culprits
Lastly, it could also be that your issue is being caused by a third-party app. As Windows 11 is fairly new and most recent updates to popular apps are using compatibility layers to work, it is likely that you are facing a bug with a third-party app. Third-party apps can create huge conflicts and issues in the background depending on what they do and it can end up being quite tough to identify the culprit.
Thankfully, Windows comes with a safe mode to troubleshoot exactly this problem. Safe mode helps disable all third-party apps, services, and tasks in the background. You can then verify the functioning of Windows in safe mode and start removing the suspected culprits one by one.
Once you find the culprit, you can restore your previously removed apps and continue using the OS until a fix is released by the concerned developer.
Unfortunately, this is a tedious process and there is no way around it, but if a third-party app is causing issues on your system, safe mode can help you identify and remove the culprit easily. You can use this guide to help you navigate and activate safe mode in Windows 11.
You can also use this trick to directly restart your system in the advanced recovery options state. Click on the ‘Start’ menu icon in your taskbar.
Now click on the ‘Power’ icon.
Hold down the ‘Shift’ key on your keyboard and then click on ‘Restart’.
Your Windows 11 PC will now automatically reboot into the Advanced recovery options.
Click on ‘Troubleshoot’ to get started. Now, click Advanced options > See more recovery options > Startup Settings > Restart.
You will now get a list of all the ways your computer can start up with elevated settings or restricted services. You will have the following options for Safe modes.
- F4: Enable Safe mode
- F5: Enable Safe mode with networking
- F6: Enable Safe mode with command prompt
Press the desired key on your keyboard and your system will automatically restart in the desired Safe mode.
Well, these are all the proven methods that you can try to repair corrupted Windows 11. Some of these methods are fairly easy to use, while some may seem advanced for an average joe.
If you ever feel stuck at any point while following our methods, drop us a comment and we’d be happy to sort out the confusion.
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