使用OpenBSD在Vultr上配置BGP

• 入门
• BGP设置

Vultr的BGP功能使您可以拥有自己的IP空间，并在我们的任何位置使用它，而OpenBSD实例则不需要其他软件！

入门

为了使用BGP，您将需要自己的IP空间（v4或v6）。如果您有自己的ASN，则可以使用它，或者我们可以分配一个私有的。

使用以下信息打开票证：

• 您的IP范围
• 您的ASN （如果有）
• IP范围的LOA （仅当您没有自己的ASN时）

在您的帐户上配置BGP之后，您就可以继续配置BGP。

我们的示例将使用以下内容：

• ASN：64512
• 实例的IPv4地址：203.0.113.123
• 实例的IPv6地址：2001：DB8：1000 :: 1/64
• IPv4块：198.51.100.0/24
• IPv6块：2001：0db8 :: / 32
• BGP密码：hunter2

BGP设置

OpenBSD附带了bgpd(8)已安装的文件，仅需更改一些配置文件即可启动。

编辑rc.conf.local(8)以添加以下行以允许bgpd(8)守护程序通过以下方式启动rc.d(8)

bgpd_flags=

bgpd.conf(8)可以在找到完整的示例，/etc/examples/bgpd.conf其中包含您可能需要的许多其他配置选项。

根据需要调整以下示例配置并写入/etc/bgpd.conf （确保此文件的权限为600）

   AS 64512
    router-id 203.0.113.123

    listen on 127.0.0.1
    listen on ::1
    log updates
    network 198.51.100.0/24
    network 2001:0db8::/32

    neighbor 169.254.169.254 {
            remote-as               64515
            descr                   "Vultr IPv4"
            announce IPv4           unicast
            announce IPv6           none
            tcp md5sig password     hunter2
            multihop                2
            local-address           203.0.113.123
    }
    neighbor 2001:19f0:ffff::1 {
            remote-as               64515
            descr                   "Vultr IPv6"
            announce IPv4           none
            announce IPv6           unicast
            tcp md5sig password     hunter2
            multihop                2
            local-address           2001:DB8:1000::1
    }

要确保一切正常，可以发出命令bgpd -f /etc/bgpd.conf -n。如果bgpd(ok)返回，则可以启动守护程序。

# rcctl enable bgpd
# rcctl start bgpd
bgpd(ok)

要检查BGP会话的状态，您需要使用bgpctl(8)。例如，要查看基本概述，可以使用bgpctl show summary

# bgpctl show summary
Neighbor                   AS    MsgRcvd    MsgSent  OutQ Up/Down  State/PrfRcvd
Vultr IPv6              64515        230        207     0 01:41:40      0
Vultr IPv4              64515        244        220     0 01:48:09      0

要查看有关BPG邻居使用的详细信息 bgpctl show neighbor

BGP neighbor is 2001:19f0:ffff::1, remote AS 64515, Multihop (2)
 Description: Vultr IPv6
  BGP version 4, remote router-id 45.63.102.186, using md5sig
  BGP state = Established, up for 01:46:45
  Last read 00:00:08, holdtime 90s, keepalive interval 30s
  Neighbor capabilities:
    Multiprotocol extensions: IPv6 unicast
    Route Refresh
    Graceful Restart: Timeout: 120, IPv6 unicast
    4-byte AS numbers

  Message statistics:
          Sent       Received  
  Opens                    1          1
  Notifications            0          0
  Updates                  2          1
  Keepalives             214        240
  Route Refresh            0          0
  Total                  217        242

  Update statistics:
          Sent       Received  
  Updates                  4          0
  Withdraws                0          0
  End-of-Rib               1          1

  Local host:  2001:DB8:1000::1, Local port:  38298
  Remote host:    2001:19f0:ffff::1, Remote port:   179

BGP neighbor is 169.254.169.254, remote AS 64515, Multihop (2)
 Description: Vultr IPv4
  BGP version 4, remote router-id 45.63.102.186, using md5sig
  BGP state = Established, up for 01:53:14
  Last read 00:00:14, holdtime 90s, keepalive interval 30s
  Neighbor capabilities:
    Multiprotocol extensions: IPv4 unicast
    Route Refresh
    Graceful Restart: Timeout: 120, IPv4 unicast
    4-byte AS numbers

  Message statistics:
          Sent       Received  
  Opens                    1          1
  Notifications            0          0
  Updates                  2          1
  Keepalives             227        253
  Route Refresh            0          0
  Total                  230        255

  Update statistics:
          Sent       Received  
  Updates                  4          0
  Withdraws                0          0
  End-of-Rib               1          1

  Local host:         203.0.113.123, Local port:  19824
  Remote host:      169.254.169.254, Remote port:   179

此时，我们可以开始为接口分配IP地址（例如，通过配置/etc/hostname.lo1），以便可以将应用程序配置为侦听这些IP。

如果打算在多个实例上使用IP地址，则需要调整network每个实例上的语句，以声明这些IP的更具体的路由。

实例A

   AS 64512
    router-id 203.0.113.123

    listen on 127.0.0.1
    listen on ::1
    log updates
    network 198.51.100.0/24
    network 198.51.100.1/32
    network 2001:0db8::/32
    network 2001:0db8::/64

    neighbor 169.254.169.254 {
            remote-as               64515
            descr                   "Vultr IPv4"
            announce IPv4           unicast
            announce IPv6           none
            tcp md5sig password     hunter2
            multihop                2
            local-address           203.0.113.123
    }
    neighbor 2001:19f0:ffff::1 {
            remote-as               64515
            descr                   "Vultr IPv6"
            announce IPv4           none
            announce IPv6           unicast
            tcp md5sig password     hunter2
            multihop                2
            local-address           2001:DB8:1000::1
    }

实例B

   AS 64512
    router-id 203.0.113.124

    listen on 127.0.0.1
    listen on ::1
    log updates
    network 198.51.100.0/24
    network 198.51.100.2/32
    network 2001:0db8::/32
    network 2001:0db8:0001::/64

    neighbor 169.254.169.254 {
            remote-as               64515
            descr                   "Vultr IPv4"
            announce IPv4           unicast
            announce IPv6           none
            tcp md5sig password     hunter2
            multihop                2
            local-address           203.0.113.124
    }
    neighbor 2001:19f0:ffff::1 {
            remote-as               64515
            descr                   "Vultr IPv6"
            announce IPv4           none
            announce IPv6           unicast
            tcp md5sig password     hunter2
            multihop                2
            local-address           2001:DB8:1000::2
    }

注意：不要忘记使用与本文引用的密码不同的密码。